DARVO--what you need to know...

The acronym DARVO stands for “Deny, Attack, and Reverse Victim and Offender” and perfectly describes how a narcissist behaves when caught and held to account. Never having come across it before, I was gobsmacked when I read up on it and realized just how well it describes the primary narcissist in my life, my (thankfully now-deceased) mother.

Dr. Jennifer J. Freyd, Professor of Psychology at the University of Oregon and a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University coined the term in 1997 and in 2019 published a paper entitled “What is DARVO?” Freyd defines DARVO as “…a reaction perpetrators of wrong doing…may display in response to being held accountable for their behavior… The perpetrator or offender may Deny the behavior, Attack the individual doing the confronting, and Reverse the roles of Victim and Offender such that the perpetrator assumes the victim role and turns the true victim…into an alleged offender. This occurs, for instance, when an actually guilty perpetrator assumes the role of ‘falsely accused’ and attacks the accuser's credibility and blames the accuser of being the perpetrator of a false accusation.”^[1]

It is no accident that a narcissistic parent uses this tactic. In 2017 Freyd participated in a peer-reviewed research study that reported that, ‘…DARVO was commonly used by individuals who were confronted…and higher levels of exposure to DARVO during a confrontation were associated with increased perceptions of self-blame among the confronters. These results provide evidence for the existence of DARVO as a perpetrator strategy and establish a relationship between DARVO exposure and feelings of self-blame. Exploring DARVO aids in understanding how perpetrators are able to enforce victims’ silence through the mechanism of self-blame.’^[2]

Broken down into plain English, this means that DARVO is a common ploy used by those who hurt us, a ploy used to throw blame onto us rather accept responsibility for the results of their actions. It also means that it works best on people who have been conditioned to feel responsible for things they aren’t really responsible for, people who suffer from toxic guilt, like many of us.

Interestingly, Freyd and a colleague, Sarah Harsey, in a new project (which is still under review) have discovered that the DARVO phenomenon goes further than just between the offender and victim. When they told the study participants stories of abuse and followed the story with a DARVO response, they found the participants less willing to believe the victim than people who told the same story but not given a DARVO response: the DARVO strategy actually works to discredit victims! Even more interesting, however, is that another study group was first educated about DARVO and when they were told a victim’s story followed by a DARVO response, the study participants found the victim more credible than the study participants who had not been previously educated about DARVO.^[3]

Education about DARVO, then, it important: it clues in the bystanders, be they flying monkeys or members of the justice system, to the ploy beforehand. For us, that means learning what DARVO is and educating ourselves as well as the people in our lives who are likely to hear DARVO responses from our narcissists.

Freyd’s paper does not mention the word “narcissist” but does specifically note that the DARVO response is a common tactic among sex offenders. The children of narcissists, however, will recognize the almost knee-jerk response of the narcissist to even the slightest hint of wrongdoing. The fragile ego of a narcissist cannot stand being wrong hence the narcissist’s rationalization and justification of everything she does. Narcissists, believing themselves perfect and infallible, cannot accept an accusation of wrongdoing—or even the possibility that she could do wrong—so she must justify and/or rationalize her beliefs and behaviours to make them appear right. One of the ways a narcissist does this is through DARVO: if something is the fault of someone else, then the narcissist is without responsibility.

Deny

The denial part of a DARVO attack may take more than one form: “It didn’t happen,” is one and, if the fact of the event cannot be denied, then “It wasn’t my fault” or “You weren’t really hurt.” My mother was the queen of DARVO attacks, attacks which, according to Dr. Freyd, “…can be violent and effectively abusive towards the accuser, with threats of legal action, attacks on credibility and so on.^[4]” At one point my mother actually said to me “If I don’t remember it, then it didn’t happen,” and nothing could budge her from that position. In situations she did remember, she would say “I don’t remember it that way,” or “You are remembering it wrong.”

Attack

The old adage “the best defence is a good offence” is at the core of a DARVO attack and it is not uncommon for the attack to have a third party involved^[5]. Narcissists will attempt to impress an observer of their innocence, especially an observer who the narcissist holds in high esteem or someone who has more power than the narcissist, like the police or a judge or a boss. An effective DARVO attack can see the narcissist’s victim up on charges and facing jail time, or professionally reprimanded. Or worse.

For the narcissist to effectively take the role of victim, it is most effective to name an alternative perpetrator. In a real-life case a male friend of mine met (in a restaurant so that there were witnesses) with a women he had broken up with a month earlier. From his descriptions of her, I guess her to be a narcissist and the last six months of their relationship was marked by frequent rows about her intransigent lying. She finally stepped over the line and he dumped her. But he had lent her a considerable sum of money during their year together and he wanted it back so he invited her to come to a busy coffee shop to discuss repayment of those loans.

During their meeting she continually shifted the subject from the money she owed to her personal travails, ending each of her pity-party monologs with a plea of poverty. He, well aware that she was trying to distract him from the subject of repayment and elicit pity for her dire straits such that he would forgive the loans, suggested she borrow the money from her current boyfriend. She responded by throwing a drink in his face. After she had calmed down, however, and thinking she was stranded three miles from home, he had the bad judgment to offer her a ride home, which she accepted. While in the car he continued to try to convince her to pay back the loans on her own, saving them the effort of Small Claims Court. But shortly before they arrived at her residence, she lost her temper again and physically attacked him. At the end of her tantrum he was bleeding from two deep scratches: one on his neck, the other on his hand as he shielded himself from her clawing at his face—she did succeed in shattering his glasses. She then began destroying the interior of his car, screaming invective and condemning men in general, ultimately ripping the rear view mirror from its mount and throwing it at his head. But the mirror was still attached to the car by its data cables and rather than impacting his head, it reached the end of its tether, bounced back, and hit the windscreen and breaking it.

He, of course, called the police and she admitted to the arresting office that she broke his glasses and damaged the car. She was arrested on the spot and spent two days in jail waiting for her bail hearing. After a few hours in jail she appealed to my friend to drop the charges so she could be released from jail but he refused unless she agreed to pay for the damages to his car and repay the loans. She refused and she spent two days in jail before she was finally granted bail and her freedom.

Reverse Victim and Offender

Imagine my friend’s surprise when, the day after his ex made bail, he was called by the police and told that a charge of rape had been lodged against him.

It was DARVO. When he got to the police station they told him the charge was actually sexual assault—or sexual harassment—they weren’t sure yet which. It was immediately apparent to him that his ex-girlfriend, unable to justify his wounds and the damage to his car any other way, had charged him with sexual assault. According to her, she threw the drink in his face because she was offended when he suggested she prostitute herself to get the money she owed him (her interpretation of his suggestion that she borrow it). The police declined to give specifics of the supposed sexual assault but, in mediation over the charge a few months later, she refused to withdraw the charges against him unless he forgave not only the loans he made to her, but the cost of repairs to his car which, because it was a German luxury brand, were not going to be cheap. She couldn’t say that the assault didn’t happen—he had the injuries (and a security video from the restaurant) to prove it did. She couldn’t say the damage to the car didn’t happen—the condition of the car and a hefty repair estimate proved it did—and she admitted it to the arresting officer. So, she reversed the victim and offender and made herself his victim, charging him with essentially molesting her in the privacy of the car en route to her residence and claiming that was the reason she injured him and damaged the car: she was attempting to escape a sexual assault.

Her accusations were so absurd that anyone who knew anything about DARVO would have been instantly suspicious. He said “…borrow the money from someone just like you borrowed it from me…”; she reported he said “…you can get the money by sleeping with other guys…” She said, in writing, “He wouldn’t stop the car so I broke the windscreen…and his spectacles.” Somehow the police found this reasonable and credible enough to file charges against him, somehow the prosecution found this reasonable and credible enough to set a trial date. And when he finally was able to get a copy of her written accusation, he found out that her “sexual assault” allegation consisted of “…he touched me on my thigh…”

Once the senior prosecution staff was shown the allegation, the charges were withdrawn, but not before untold damage was done to my friend, emotionally, financially, and even professionally. And despite having the charges withdraw by the prosecution as having no merit, she still tried to use the fact that he was arrested for sexually assaulting her as her justification for injuring him and damaging his car.

The victim of a narcissist may find DARVO to be difficult to grasp. Certainly my friend was baffled when, in the eyes of the police, he went from being the victim of an assault to the perpetrator of one in the blink of an eye. The police sided with his attacker because she was a woman recounting a sexual assault and nobody bothered to subject her story to the same critical examination they gave his. Ultimately the prosecution withdrew those charges, yes, but not until he had suffered, in his words, “five months of hell” that ultimately put him on anti-anxiety meds. The fact that he was the real victim did not stop the narcissistic ex from turning the tables on him and having the police and courts dance her merry tune for over five months until someone took a look at her accusations with fresh eyes—and without her there to whisper blandishments in his ears—and saw what was really going on.

Not all DARVO attacks are this dramatic but they can be if the narcissist perceives it to be worth it to her. But the fact is, narcissists use DARVO whenever it will suit their agenda. Being narcissists, they don’t care if the accusations they make are true or not, and they don’t care what kind of consequences you suffer, either…my friend’s ex would be happy if she was just exonerated and not convicted of assault and property damage—but if he went to jail for three years for sexual assault, she wouldn’t feel the least remorse. Instead, as a narcissist, she would feel vindicated and that he was getting just desserts for not giving her what she wanted. Most likely, however, the narcissist in your life will use DARVO to excuse a tantrum or a petty, spiteful action or to escape responsibility for some misdeed. My mother denied every ugly, mean, destructive, and cruel thing she ever did to me, telling me that even if my accusations of her maltreatment were true, I was only getting what I deserved. And that included stealing my children for her brother to adopt.

Just as that horrible woman accused my friend of sexual assault to give herself a plausible reason for assaulting him and destroying the interior of his car, with no care for the consequences he might suffer, including the loss of his professional career and his freedom, so do narcissists employ DARVO to exonerate themselves, with no sense of responsibility for the consequences you might face if they are believed. In fact, malicious malignant narcissists like my mother and my friend’s ex- actually find a sense of triumph and personal satisfaction in your suffering because they feel validated and that you are getting just payback for the wrongs they perceive you have perpetrated against them by not giving them what they wanted.

It’s called DARVO, it is effective, and it is devastating to its victims. Spread the awareness—and be prepared.

1.     Freyd, J.J. (2019). What is DARVO? Retrieved April 20, 2019 from http://pages.uoregon.edu/dynamic/jjf/defineDARVO.html

2.     Harsey, S., Zurbriggen, E., & Freyd, J.J. (2017—published Open Access). Perpetrator Responses to Victim Confrontation: DARVO and Victim Self-Blame. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment, & Trauma, 26, 644-663.

3.     Freyd, op. cit.

4.     DARVO. Changingminds.org. Retrieved April 21, 2019 from http://changingminds.org/explanations/behaviors/coping/darvo.htm.

5.     Ibid.

Overcoming Denial

Denial is probably the biggest obstacle to healing from the legacy of growing up with a narcissistic parent.

Why? Because you can’t fix something until you can identify what it really is and then come up with a solution that addresses it.

Think about it this way: if you have a door that is difficult to open or close, how do you fix it? You start by examining the door to see where it is sticking. If you find that the door is rubbing on the door frame, then you sand or plane the high area so it no longer sticks. But what happens if you either don’t look for the source or you just won’t see it? You can oil the hinges, change the lock, paint the door…but none of them will fix the door, will they? You can also choose to ignore it and put a kick plate on it so you don’t scuff it any more when you kick it to open it, but that doesn’t fix it, either, does it? You cannot fix the door until you see and acknowledge that a part of the door or the frame has become swollen…only then can you come up with a solution that actually works.

That is exactly how denial works: something is wrong in our lives but, for whatever reason, we refuse to address the real cause of it. We ignore it, we make excuses, we pretend it doesn’t exist, we blame other people, other things, ourselves…but we just won’t address the real source of our problem and, until we do, nothing can really be fixed.

Denial is a form of belief.

If you refuse to believe something that is true, you are in denial. It doesn’t matter how many other people believe the same or if you are the only one…if you refuse to belief something that is true, if you discount or argue against the truth of something, you are in denial.

Belief and reality are not necessarily the same thing. It is a logical fallacy (the “bandwagon fallacy,”  to be exact) to believe that just because a million others believe something, it must be true. You can be the only one who speaks against a false belief and that will make you the only one who is dealing with reality. This is an important concept to remember when the entire FOO closes ranks against you and asserts that you are the crazy one and your poor, heartbroken NM, is only hurting you because she loves you.

This concept, the idea that, because you believe it, it is real, is at the root of a lot of human difficulty, both in the macrocosm of the larger world and the microcosm of the family. Believing something doesn’t make it so…if it did, Santa and the Tooth Fairy and the Easter Bunny would all be tangible realities. Conversely…and equally true…if you refuse to believe something, that doesn’t make it not so. So, you can deny that the earth is ovoid in shape, but that won’t change reality and make it flat.

Why do we engage in denial?

Because, simply put, the truth can hurt. And contemplating a painful truth provokes anxiety, especially if it is a truth we would rather not accept as real. Denial is a much more comfortable state…we feel like we understand and even have some control over our lives when we deny things we don’t fully grasp, things we don’t want to believe, things that satisfy whatever it is that we, personally, need in order to feel at peace. And, the nature of denial being what it is, we don’t really see our denial, we don’t acknowledge that we are quite literally lying to ourselves in order to satisfy an inner need.

So, if denial brings us a feeling of peace, what is wrong with it? Plenty…not the least of which is the fact that you pass it on to others as an acceptable way of living. If you are in a marriage in which your husband neglects you and cheats on you, but your denial prompts you to believe he is a wonderful husband and father, you will pass on to your sons the idea that a wonderful husband and father ignores his wife and cheats on her and you will pass on to your daughters that a wonderful husband will ignore her and cheat on her.

But denial has more subtle effects: somewhere, deep inside you, you know you are in denial. This knowledge can fester and cause you to have an undefined feeling of dissatisfaction because your conscious mind won’t acknowledge what is wrong, even though your subconscious does. If you have ever had an epiphany…one of those “AHA!” moments…and later said to yourself “Why didn’t I see that before?” you were experiencing the success of your subconscious breaking through your denial. You knew but you just refused to consciously acknowledge.

While you are mired in denial, all manner of bad things can go on in your life that you either refuse to acknowledge as bad or you find yourself frustrated and unable to effectively address. You can’t fix something if you can’t figure out what it is that actually needs fixing, and you can spend a lot of time, money, and angst pursuing solutions that never work simply because they don’t address the core issue because you are in denial about it.

So how do you overcome denial?

It’s not easy because you are not fighting some clearly defined enemy outside yourself, you are fighting yourself. Your fight is between your desire to be spared pain and your need to know truth…and if you are in denial, freedom from pain has won.

It involves changing thought processes and being willing to hear, acknowledge, and accept things we would rather not know or deal with. It means growing up and past the idea that hiding from the unpleasant is an acceptable alternative. It means embracing new ideas…and forcing ourselves to give up old ones. Most of all, it means learning how to do serious critical thinking and then make ourselves face the unpleasant realities that critical thinking gives us.

You may have heard that how we talk to ourselves can dictate how we feel about ourselves. That is called “self-talk” and there is a considerable body of literature to support its effectiveness. According to Ben Martin, Psy. D., most self-talk is negative. You can work to overcome negative self-talk by using several conscious methods and, what is most interesting is that not only does this work for overcoming negative self-talk, it is precisely the kind of technique you need to employ to overcome denial.

Dr. Martin’s recommendations for overcoming negative self talk are in blue, below, my comments in black.

1. Reality testing: first, before you can determine whether or not you are in denial about something, you have to do a “reality check.” Ask yourself the following:

  What is my evidence for and against my thinking? Try to take a step back and detach yourself a little: look at evidence as if it were happening to someone else.

  Are my thoughts factual, or are they just my interpretations? This can be a bit difficult, but with a dedication to honesty, you can determine if what you are thinking is true or simply what you want to be true.

  Am I jumping to negative conclusions? You might also be jumping to positive conclusion, too…giving an abuser a free pass because calling him or her on it would upset the balance of your life. Are you telling yourself that something that is truly terrible is “not that bad” so you can avoid confrontation or even the possibility that you might have to cut a person out of your life and go it alone?

  How can I find out if my thoughts are actually true? Depending on your situation, you could ask someone else for their observations, but if you are in a situation with narcissists and their flying monkeys, that’s not going to help you. Do you have a friend or acquaintance who is honest enough to give you the truth? Are you strong enough to willingly accept their observations without holding it against them? Can you Google it and find out an objective truth? Do you have a therapist or counsellor to discuss it with? (I recommend against religious counsellors like pastors because they can lack objectivity…for example, if your mother is being abusive to you, a pastor might simply counsel you to “honour your mother” because that is his religious belief…an objective person might ask you to explain why you believe your mother is being abusive and then help you determine if the behaviour you are having trouble with is, in fact, abusive.)

2. Look for alternative explanations: What are you telling yourself? That this is your fault? That it is wrong to turn your back on your mother because she is…gasp!...your mother?

  Are there any other ways that I could look at this situation? Try to look at things differently. Why do you feel guilty when she is the person behaving badly? Is it never ok to think bad things about your mother and her behaviour? Why? Why should she be exempt from the same standards of behaviour she expects of you…or that the society at large expects?

  What else could this mean? Could it mean that you’ve been wrong all this time? Could it mean that she has been wrong about you? Could it mean that you have allowed her to get away with behaving badly because you thought you had no other choice?

  If I were being positive, how would I perceive this situation? If you were being supportive of yourself, how would you perceive it? If a stranger walked in and observed your mother’s behaviour, how might that stranger perceive it? Why don’t you see it that way?

3. Putting it in perspective: One of the problems with being mired in an unpleasant situation is that we lose perspective. Every little thing can be seen as a big thing…and big things, because they can feel so threatening, can be minimized. Time to try to give things their real weight and don’t forget, even little things, if there are enough of them, can add up to a big one.

  Is this situation as bad as I am making out to be? Or, conversely, am I minimizing a really bad situation so that I can continue to live with it?

  What is the worst thing that could happen? How likely is it? And if that does happen, how bad will it truly be? After years of terrible marriages and relationships, I found and married a really nice guy. Nine years later, he died and I was devastated. I thought it was the worst thing that could ever happen to me…after a lifetime of crap relationships with abusive people, I had this great guy, only for him to die after only nine years of marriage. But, what I could not know at that time was that, while that door closed, another one opened…14 years after his death I am remarried to another truly nice guy and enjoying the highest standard of living I have ever known. Sometimes that which we fear most turns out to be only a stepping stone to even better things.

  What is the best thing that could happen? What have you been denying? If you stopped your denial, what is the best thing that could happen to you? Do you have an abusive spouse…someone who cheats on you, treats you disrespectfully, ignores you except when you get in his face? Do you think the best thing that could happen would be that he started treating you with love and respect? Really? Would you trust that to continue or would you expect him to revert to his old self when the mood took him? Think beyond the confines of your present life…wouldn’t the best thing be for you to be on your own and in a position to find and accept the attentions of a man who respects you and treats you respectfully from the outset? Or perhaps the best thing would be for you to stand up to your abusive husband and tell him you won’t accept his disrespect any more and if he can’t begin treating you respectfully, he’s going to have to find someone else to treat like a doormat. What would work for you?

  What is most likely to happen? What is the most likely outcome if you confront your denial and let it go? And what state of mind would you rather be in—your present one, which is what you get by keeping the denial going—or dealing with the fallout from stopping the denial, like kicking an unfaithful husband to the curb, setting some ground rules with your out-of-control teen, or honestly dealing with your mother’s abuses and setting some boundaries with her? I know, you don’t want to do that, but if that is your only alternative to denial…and you know how much pain that is bringing you…which do you choose?

  Is there anything good about this situation? Is there anything good about living in denial? Is it really allowing you to live peacefully, with no anxiety or physical or emotional health manifestations of suppressed pain and rage? Really?

  Will this matter in five years time? If you don’t stop the denial now, what will it be like in five years? Think back five years…do you have less anxiety, less emotional pain, are you less troubled than you were back then? So, what are the chances that it won’t get worse over the next five?

4. Using goal-directed thinking: I think it is important for you to be very clear on what you want: writing it down helps clarify your thinking. Do you want to stop living in denial and, whether it hurts or not, deal with reality head on? Do you want to step out of your comfort zone and actually put your head in charge of your life instead of your feelings?

  Is thinking this way helping me to feel good or to achieve my goals? Has denial helped you to feel good? Has it helped you to achieve your goals? What brings you to the place of wanting to end your denial at this time?

  What can I do that will help me solve the problem? Denial is a kind of thought disorder: you convince yourself of something that is not true, and then you fight to stay convinced. It is very similar to negative self-talk in which, instead of saying “Oops! Knocked over the glass! Gotta find a towel and clean it up!” you say “You stupid, clumsy, good-for-nothing bitch! You can’t do anything right!” to yourself. In denial you say “Oh, it wasn’t that bad…last time he actually broke my jaw, so these two black eyes aren’t that bad,” instead of saying to yourself “That was abuse and I am not going to put up with it ever again. Out you go and don’t come back.”

  In denial you talk yourself into believing something that isn’t true because acknowledging the truth puts you at some kind of risk. So, what is the risk? That you will be alone? Isn’t that better than a man who beats you. Does your denial say “He didn’t mean it”? Well, it is lying to you because at some point he gave himself permission to hit you. The same thing goes for emotional abuse, regardless of the source…your husband, your mother, your own kids…at some point they decided what they wanted was more important than respecting you and your feelings and your boundaries. How could they not mean it?

  The way you stop denial is simply make yourself stop. When you hear yourself saying “Oh, it wasn’t that bad…” or “She didn’t mean it,” or “She can’t help it,” stop yourself. Stop yourself mid-sentence or mid-thought and say, aloud if necessary, “Yes, it was that bad!” or “He knew it would hurt me if he cheated and he did it anyway!” or “She knows that not inviting me to Thanksgiving dinner hurt me and she didn’t care!” Stop the denial, stop the avoidance, make yourself acknowledge reality in all its ugly glory.

  Is there something I can learn from this situation, to help me do it better next time? What can you learn from denial? You can learn to hide from the truth, you can learn to be a doormat, you can learn to put your feelings on hold, to pretend, to put up a good front. But you can’t learn truth or how to be resilient or how to deal with adversity from it.

Some years ago Pam Tillis put out a song, “Queen of Denial” and some of the lyrics just might strike a chord in some of us:

Well I said, he had a lot of potential/He was only misunderstood
You know, he didn’t really mean to treat me so bad/He wanted to be good

And I swore one day I would tame him/Even though he loved to run hog wild

I knew he didn’t have any money/Yeah that’s why he couldn’t buy me a ring

and just because he bought himself a brand new pick-up truck/Really didn’t prove anything

And he never had to say he loved me/I could see it every time he smiled
Just call me Cleopatra everybody/Cause I’m the queen of denial

Oh queen of denial/Buyin’ all his alibis
Queen of denial/Floatin’ down a river of lies, yeah

Well I’m not gonna jump to conclusions/Or throw away this perfect romance
Even though I saw him dancin’ last night/With a girl in a leopard skin pants

Yeah, he’s probably stuck in traffic/And he’ll be here in a little while
Just call me Cleopatra everybody/Cause I’m the queen of denial

Reality isn’t always pretty, and too often it is not what we want. But if we don’t recognize it, acknowledge it, and deal with it, we can’t really live our lives authentically. Somewhere inside of us there is always this little kernel of awareness that keeps nagging at us, provoking anxiety, making us uncomfortable, at the lies we tell ourselves and even base our lives on.

For some of us, denial provokes enormous conflicts and pain, disrupting our lives and even setting us up for disaster. Denial allows us to remain in abusive situations when facing reality would make us take protective action. Denial may seem like a safe, protective, peaceful place to live, but it’s not real and refusal to deal with reality can have a devastating effect on our lives. I knew a woman, many years ago, whose mother was completely in denial about her being molested by her stepfather. Even when the girl got pregnant at the age of 12 and had to have an abortion, the mother continued to live in denial. Acknowledgement would mean she would have to accept that the man she married was a paedophile, it would mean she would be shamed publicly for allowing this to go on under her roof, it would mean she would become an unmarried woman again, it would mean she would lose both the prestige of being married and the income he supplied to the household. When she weighed the cost of giving up her denial against saving her preteen daughter from being raped several times a week by her own husband, she chose denial. When I met the woman she was in her early 30s, morbidly obese, and so paralyzed by depression it was only the paralysis that kept her from committing suicide. Denial can hurt you, it can hurt the people you love, it can set you up for disaster.

It’s not easy to get rid of denial. First you have to have at least a clue as to what you are in denial about. Then you have to ask yourself the hard questions and force yourself to supply honest answers. Once you have those answers, now you have to decide if you are going to change things or allow the status to remain quo. Overcoming denial can be the beginning of a major change in your life. Will today be the day you stop feeling helpless about your situation, confront denial, and take control of your life?